Incisional hernia
Incisional Hernia Repair and Treatment
Specialist assessment and repair of hernias developing at or near a previous abdominal surgical scar.
Overview
Understanding incisional hernias
An incisional hernia is a bulge that develops through a weakness at the site of a previous abdominal incision or scar. It can occur after any abdominal operation and may enlarge over time, causing discomfort or a visible swelling.
When to seek urgent help
Urgent assessment is needed if the hernia becomes very painful, cannot be pushed back, is associated with vomiting or abdominal swelling, or the overlying skin changes colour.
What is an incisional hernia?
An incisional hernia occurs when the abdominal wall does not remain fully strong after surgery and tissue pushes through the weakened area. The bulge may contain fat or bowel.
Who is at risk?
Anyone who has had abdominal surgery can develop an incisional hernia. Risk is increased by obesity, wound infection, chronic cough, constipation, repeated straining, smoking and larger abdominal incisions.
Incisional hernia symptoms
Symptoms can include a bulge at or near a scar, discomfort, a dragging sensation, pain on standing or lifting, and a swelling that reduces when lying down.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is usually made by clinical examination. CT imaging may be used to define the size of the defect, the hernia contents and the best approach for repair, especially for larger or recurrent hernias.
Treatment options
A support belt or corset may help symptoms in selected patients, but it does not cure the hernia. Surgery is considered when symptoms are troublesome, the hernia is enlarging or there is risk of complications.
Incisional hernia repair with mesh
Repair involves returning the hernia contents to the abdomen and reinforcing the abdominal wall. Mesh is commonly used to strengthen the repair and reduce recurrence risk.
Recovery
Recovery depends on the size of the hernia and type of repair. Patients are encouraged to mobilise gently after surgery and avoid heavy lifting for a period advised by their surgeon.
Seroma after hernia repair
A seroma is a fluid collection in the space previously occupied by the hernia. Many settle gradually without treatment, although your team will advise if review is needed.
Frequently asked questions
Incisional hernia FAQs
Why can a hernia develop through an old surgical scar?
A previous incision can leave a weaker area in the abdominal wall. Pressure from coughing, straining, weight gain or heavy lifting can allow tissue or bowel to bulge through that weakness.
Does every incisional hernia need surgery?
Not always. Some smaller or minimally symptomatic hernias may be monitored, but enlarging, painful or complicated hernias often need surgical repair.
Why is mesh often used in incisional hernia repair?
Mesh reinforces the abdominal wall and can reduce the risk of the hernia coming back, particularly when the defect is larger.
What is a seroma after incisional hernia repair?
A seroma is a collection of fluid in the space where the hernia used to sit. Many seromas settle gradually without treatment.
What is the treatment for an incisional hernia?
Treatment may include monitoring, support garments for selected patients or surgical repair. Repair is usually considered when the hernia is painful, enlarging or affecting daily activities.
Specialist care in Manchester
Book a consultation with Mr Christian Macutkiewicz
Arrange a private consultation at Spire Manchester Hospital to discuss your symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options.
Hernia Clinic Manchester 